Floppy controller

The Floppy controller interface is used by PCs to communicate with floppy drives. Controllers typically provide one or more 34-pin IDC headers (or on older devices, 34-pin PCB edge connectors) for connection to one or more drives.

Each controller provides one or more floppy buses. Each PC floppy bus can have up to four drives connected, however the standard 34-pin cable only allows connection of up to two drives. Some controllers support the older 34-pin Shugart cabling (with no twist) allowing four drives to be connected to the same cable. Other controllers provide two connectors, allowing two standard PC floppy cables to connect a total of four drives to the same floppy bus.

Some floppy controllers have jumpers that can be used to change the I/O address they respond to, allowing them to function as secondary floppy controllers. This is almost universally unsupported by any PC BIOS, so cards that do this require a custom driver or ROM in order to access the additional drives. Support for this is complicated by the fact that the IRQ and DMA addresses typically cannot be changed, so the driver must be able to share IRQ and DMA lines between the primary and secondary floppy controllers.

As only two controllers can be used, this puts the theoretical maximum limit on the number of floppy drives in a single PC at eight, assuming both a primary and secondary floppy controller that support four drives each. Going beyond this number typically requires moving to a different bus, such as using LS-120 drives which can read 3.5" floppy disks and connect to the IDE bus instead.

Devices

This is a list of all floppy controller cards in the wiki. This list also includes composite devices, such as those cards that include an IDE controller or parallel port.

Device	Bus type	Bus width	Bus speed	8-bit ISA?	Floppy buses	Drives per bus	Secondary?	-5VDC?
AB-862G Super I∕O Card	ISA	16-bit	8 MHz		1	2	false	false
ACC Microelectronics KT-204	ISA	8-bit	8 MHz	true	2	2	true	false
Acculogic sIDE-4∕PLUS	ISA	16-bit	8 MHz		1	2	true	false
Asus XP55T2P4	PCI	32-bit	33 MHz	false	1	2	false
CA9312	ISA	16-bit	8 MHz		1	2	false	false
DTC 7287	ISA	16-bit	8 MHz		1	2	true	false
Elitegroup C190	ISA	16-bit	8 MHz		1	2	false	false
FIC 486-GIO-VP	VLB	32-bit	50 MHz	false	1	2	false
Gemlight PTI237W	ISA	16-bit	8 MHz		1	2	true	false
GoldStar Prime 2C MKIII	ISA	16-bit	8 MHz		1	2	true	false
Intel Advanced/EV	PCI	32-bit	33 MHz	false	1	2	false
Intel TE430VX	PCI	32-bit	33 MHz	false	1	2	false
Soltek SL-75KAV	PCI	32-bit	33 MHz	false	1	2	false
UMC TK-8663-2J-D02A	ISA	16-bit	8 MHz		1	2	false	false